Improvement in base-burning stoves



s. LHEwE's.

Improvement in Base-Burning Stoves.

Patented .lune 13', 1871.V

UNITED STATESV PATENT OFFICE.

SHUBAEL E. HEVVES, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNING STQVi'lS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 115,959, dated J une13,1871.

N ttt-ure and Objectsyof the Invention.

This invention relates to a stove adapted for burning anthracite coal,and primarily del .signed for the heating of school and audience roomswhere it is desirable to economize heat and to completely envelop thewalls of the stove. My great object -is to warmapartments by thecirculation of air, in contradistinction -to direct radiation of heat.To this en d I provide a jacket or casin g extending continuously fromthe bottom plateof the stove to the top thereof, so as to protect thewalls of the rechamber from exposure at any part and form a space orchamber through which, Vbymeans of suitable registers, the air of theroom may be passed, so as to warm the apartmentwith great rapidity,after which the registers may be so adjusted as to deliver into theyroom warm fresh air from outside. The invention further consists inimproved modes of constructin g and connecting the parts of the iirepotand casing, as hereinafter described..l The invention further consistsin providing within the hre-chamber, directly above the grate, an

annular plate converging downward toward the grate, and having aroundand beneath it a space to which air isadmitted from the outside, andwithin which the said air is heated to a high temperature, after whichit is delivered around the lower edge of the said plate, to the burningfuel, directlyabove the grate. The invention further consists inconstructing the lower part of the magazine of aplate, at-l tached ashereinafter described, projecting down into the nre-chamber and maderemovable, so that it may be renewed as often as required. 'lheinvention vfurther relates to an approved mode of forming a serpentinesmokeiiue in the annular space between the magazine and the air-chamber.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved stove in the planeindicated by the plinew, Figs. 3, 4, and 5. Fig. 2 isla side elevationof the same, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section thereofon the line 3 3, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4 4, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section on the line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig 6 is' a vertical section(detached) of the cast plate shown at B3 in Fig. 1.

General Description.

A may represent an air-chamber or duct beneath the bottom B of thestove.K In the said bottom are formed any suitable number of openings,b, for the passage of air from the duct A. G is the ash-pit. D mayrepresent a grate of common construction. lIhe bottom plate B is castwith annular flan ges to receive the shell, within which the ash-pit islocated, and also the lowerpart E of the casing, which completelysurrounds the stove.

This portion E of the casing is preferably.

made of cast-iron, in order that it may possess suiiicient strength andrigidity. It is lsurinounted by an ornamental iian ged plate, El, towhich the third section Ezel" the casing is attached, which sectionreaches to the top of the tire-pot F F1. This re-pot is made of twofrusto-conical sections jointedl together at f, and secured, by means ofshort'wires, G, to the connecting-plate B, the construction of whichplate is more fully shown in Fig. 6. The plate El may be cast in onepiece, its inner part e supporting the base of the fire-pot. A e

plate or plates, b1, either hinged or elseiitted to slide eithervertically or around the plate El, form, in connection with apertures inthe latter, a register, by which air may be admit. ted or discharged atthis point. H represents a plate for heating air to support combustion.The upper edge of said lplate forms a tight joint with the fire-pot F,while its lower part projects tov a'sufiicient extent to leave a spacearound and beneath it, to which air to be heated is admitted through theapertures h. Air, having been` heated to a high temperature withinthisspace, is'allowed to pass beneath the lower edge of the plate H, abovethe grate, in direct contact with the incandescent fuel. By this meansmuch more active combustion is Amaintained than if the interstices ofthe grate were relied on for the supply of airLI represents thefuel-magazine,

extending from near the top of the stove downward to the plate B3.'Beneath this is a supplementary piece, I', which is made removable, andconstitutes in effect the lower end of the magazine, projectiu gdownward within the combustion-chamber F1, so as to increase thecapacity of said chamber. From the plate B3 also rises a sheet-ironshell, J, connected at top with the flue K, through which the gaseousproducts of combustion are finally discharged. The space between themagazine I and the shell J constitutes an annular ilue, which is dividedby horizontal annular plates L L. Beneath the annular plate L is anextension, F2, of the combustion-chamber, into which extension the gasesrise freely through extended openings b2 in the plate B3, and to whichair is supplied through the ducts l2, which are controlled by an annularregister, Z3, Figs. l and 2. l, Fig. 4, represents an opening by whichthe gases are allowed to pass from the combustion-chamber through theannular plate L. M1 M2 M3 represent vertical partitions, the first, M1,extending from the annular plates L to L; the second, M2, extending fromthe annular plate L nearly up to the annular plate L; the third, M3,extending downward from the annular plate L nearly to the annular plateL. By this arrangement the gases rising through the opening l areconducted up between the partitions M1 M2, thence down between M2 M3,and again up between M3 and M1 to the opening Z1 in the annular plateL', above which they are diffused through the upper annular chamber soas to completely part with their heat before they are discharged throughthe iiue K. N represents the feeddoor, the jambs of which are connectedwith the upper annular plate L, and form a chute or conductor across theannular iiue, in order to permit the introduction of fuel into the upperpart of the magazine. O O are capplat-es, one adapted to slide upon theother, and so perforated that they constitute a register for thedischarge of air, which is heated within the annular chamber between theHueshell J and the external casing A3. The openings b3 in the plate B3permit the passage of air through said plate.

By means of the register b1, applied to the plate E1,heated air may bedischarged beneath the projecting rim of said plate when required forwarmin g feet or for other purposes. When this is to be done the upperregister O is to be closed. If both the registers are opened the nieuweeffect will be to take air in at b1 and discharge it at O', by whichmeans the air within the room may be passed through and heated withgreat rapidity, instead of taking air from the outside.

To put the stove together it is only necessary to piu the wires G to theupper ange of the fire-pot F, hook them into eyes provided for thispurpose in the under side of the plato B3, and to rivet the sheet-ironcylinders to the proper flan ges on the cast plates. This mode ofconstruction is very advantageous, in leaving all the parts free toexpand and contract independently, and dispensing entirely with longwires or bolts extending from bottom to top of the stove.

Claims.

I claim as my inventionl. In a stove, constructed substantially asherein described, the continuous casing E surrounding the stove from thehollow base B to the top 0, and employed in connection with the baseducts and the two sets of registers b1 and O', substantially as and forthe purposes explained.

2. The combination of the upper combus tion-chamber F2, fire-pot F F1,register Z3, and annular plate L, as and for the purposes speciied.

3. The fire-pot F F,construeted of two converging portions connected bya joint, f, and secured by means of short Wires G to the plate B3,substantially as herein described.

4. The annular air-heating plate H, constructed and applied inconnection with the fire-pot F and grate D, and air-ducts h,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. rI he magazine I I, constructed in separable parts, connected throughthe medium of the plate B3 to admit of the removal and renewal of thelower part I when required.

6. The combined arrangement ot' the horizontal annular plates L L andvertical partitions M1 M2 M3, adapted substantially as herein describedto impart a serpentine course to the heated gases on their way from thelire-chamber to the discharge-flue K.

` S. E. HEWES.

Witnesses:

WALTER ALLEN, WM. H. BRERETON, Jr.

